# Miscellaneous functions ### SRON provides these 15 functions : > * beep() > * cliTextColor() > * cliBgColor() > * copy() > * exit() > * getExecTime() > * len() > * randInt() > * randDouble() > * randRange() > * setPrecision() > * sizeof() > * sleep() > * sronCmd() > * sysCmd() > * throwException() > * typeof() > * version() *** ### **1. beep():** This function is used to make a beep sound. It requires two 'Int' type arguments **frequency** and **duration**. ```js { name : Main @ the beep sound is made for 1000 milliseconds(1 second) beep(500, 1000) } ``` *** ### **2. cliTextColor():** This function returns a Cli color escape sequenced string to color the text using RGB values. ```js { name : Main String color = cliTextColor(2, 214, 214) console : ( color, "Hello SRON", CLI_DESIGN_RESET) } ``` *** ### **3. cliBgColor():** This function returns a Cli color escape sequenced string to set the background color using RGB values. ```js { name : Main String color = cliBgColor(41, 44, 84) console : (color, "Hello SRON", CLI_DESIGN_RESET) } ``` *** ### **4. copy():** This function creates a copy of the value passed to it. So, the changes made to the original value does not affect the new value. ```js { name : Main String a = "abc" String b = copy(a) push(a, 'd') println(a, '\n' , b) } ``` #### **OUTPUT:** > abcd\ > abc *** ### **5. exit():** This function exits the program and suddenly stops it. It takes a 'Int' value as argument. > **exit**(exit\_code) This **`exit code`** tells why program halted. Read more about it from [Exit codes](/docs/exit-codes.md). ```js { name : Main exit(0) } ``` *** ### **6. getExecTime():** This function returns the time taken by program to execute the code (in milliseconds). ```js { name : Main Int a = 0 for : { range : (Int i=1, 1000) a += i } println("Time Taken = ", getExecTime(), " milli-seconds.") } ``` #### **OUTPUT:** > Time Taken = 1 milli-seconds. *** ### **7. len():** This function returns the length of any String/List values. ```js { name : Main @ length of a 'String' value Any length = len("ABCDEFGH") println(length) @ length of a 'List' value length = len([1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,0]) println(length) } ``` #### **OUTPUT:** > 8\ > 10 *** ### **8. randInt():** This function returns a random 'Int' type value. Takes no arguments. ```js { name : Main Int random_num = randInt() println(random_num) } ``` #### **OUTPUT:** > 5251570147017362282 *** ### **9. randDouble():** This function returns a random 'Double' type value. Takes no arguments. ```js { name : Main Double random_num = randDouble() println(random_num) } ``` #### **OUTPUT:** > 0.947 *** ### **10. randRange():** This function returns a random number between a particular range.\ It takes two arguments **start\_point** and **end\_point**.\ If you pass two 'Int' values, then it will generate a 'Int' type random value between them.\ And if you pass two 'Double' values, then it will generate a random 'Double' type value between them. ```js { name : Main Int random_num = randRange(0,10) println(random_num) random_num = randRange(0.0, 10.0) println(random_num) } ``` #### **OUTPUT:** > 6\ > 9.890 *** ### **11. setPrecision():** This function sets the number of decimal digits to be printed by 'print()' and 'println()' function.\ **setPrecision(num\_of\_precision)**\ If num\_of\_precision must be more than 0 and less than 10, otherwise by default 5 decimal digits will be set as the precision. ```js { name : Main Double num = 123.123456789 println(num) setPrecision(5) println(num) } ``` #### **OUTPUT:** > 123.123 > \ > 123.12345 *** ### **12. sizeof():** This function returns the size of the data in bytes. You can use it to find how much memory, your variable is taking. ```js { name : Main @ getting the size of 'Void' value... Any size = sizeof(Void) println(size) @ getting the size of 'Int' value... size = sizeof(27062003) println(size) @ getting the size of 'Double' value... size = sizeof(2706.2003) println(size) @ getting the size of 'Char' value... size = sizeof('S') println(size) @ getting the size of 'Bool' value... size = sizeof(false) println(size) @ getting the size of 'String' value... size = sizeof(toString("Hello, SRON!")) println(size) @ getting the size of 'List' value... size = sizeof([1,2,3,4,5,6]) println(size) @ getting the size of 'FileReader' value... size = sizeof(freader("file.txt")) println(size) @ getting the size of 'FileWriter' value... size = sizeof(fwriter("file.txt", true)) println(size) @ getting the size of 'LiteralString' value... size = sizeof("HELLO, SRON!") println(size) } ``` #### **OUTPUT:** > 8 > \ > 16 > \ > 16 > \ > 16 > \ > 16 > \ > 40 > \ > 40 > \ > 48 > \ > 40 > \ > 24 *** ### **13. sleep():** This function is used to pause the execution for some given time. It expects an integer type value as argument. It pauses the code for given milliseconds. ```js { name : Main println("Sleeping") sleep(1000) @ the code will be paused for 1 seconds (1000 milliseconds) println("Waking") } ``` ### **14. sronCmd():** **This function can be used to get information about internal components of SRON's interpreter and perform operations on them too. Know more from** [**here**](https://github.com/saksham-joshi/SRON-Docs/blob/main/special-codes-of-sronCmd.md)**.** ```javascript { name : Main OBUFFER += "Hello there! Saksham Joshi" sronCmd(SRON_CMD_OBUFFER_CLEAR) console : ( '>' , OBUFFER , '<') @ Output: >< } ``` *** ### **15. sysCmd():** This function is used to execute a command in the host operating system's command processor. It takes a 'String' type value as argument. If the command is executed, then it returns a 'Void' value otherwise displays an exception. ```js { name : Main sysCmd("sron-docs") @ official docs of Sron will open in your browser } ``` *** ### **16. typeof():** This function returns a 'String' value specifying the type of the passed value. ```js { name : Main println(typeof(1234)) println(typeof(1234.9973)) println(typeof('S')) println(typeof(false)) println(typeof("SRON")) println(typeof([1,2,3,4])) } ``` #### **OUTPUT:** > Int > \ > Double > \ > Char > \ > Bool > \ > LiteralString > \ > List *** ### **17. throwException()** This function is used to display error message during runtime. It takes a String type input. ```js { name : Main List lst = [1,2,3,4,5] Int inp = inputInt("Enter the index :- ") if : { condition : ${ inp < 0 || inp >= len(lst) } throwException(IndexNotWithinRangeException) } println(at(lst, inp)) } ``` #### **OUTPUT:** > Enter the index :- 5 > > IndexNotWithinRangeException caught: > > \> Reason 1: Index is more than or equal to the length of List or String. > > \> Reason 2: Index is less than 0. > > ||> Solution : Check the index value if it is less than zero or more than or equal to length of the list and then pass the value to the function. ### **18. version():** This function returns the version of SRON installed in your system. ```js { name : Main println(version()) } ``` #### **OUTPUT:** > 2.300 *** --- # Agent Instructions: Querying This Documentation If you need additional information that is not directly available in this page, you can query the documentation dynamically by asking a question. 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